This week in history

September 28 1651. Bohdan Khmelnytsky concluded the Treaty of Bila Tserkva with the Poles.

1939. The USSR and Nazi Germany concluded a treaty on borders between the two states.

September 29 1926. The government of the Ukrainian SSR resolved to recognize the former Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra Monastery of the Caves as a historical and cultural preserve.

1941. The Nazis began massive executions of Jews, Russians, and Ukrainians in Babyn Yar, now in Kyiv.

September 30 1941. Soviet troops began defensive and offensive operations to protect Moscow.

1992. The Ministry of Justice of Ukraine registered the Association of Independent Researchers into Manmade Famine Genocide of 1932-1933 in Ukraine.

October 1 1653. A Zemstvo Council resolved to take Zaporizhzhia Cossacks under the Moscow Tsar's protection.

1926. An opera and ballet theater, now named after Taras Shevchenko, was opened in Kyiv.

October 2 1920. The Council of People's Commissars of the Ukrainian SSR and the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (led by Nestor Makhno) signed an armistice and agreed on joint actions against Baron Wrangel.

1990. Students, who made political demands on the government, began a hunger strike in Kyiv.

October 3 1078. A battle between Iziaslav and Vsevolod, the sons of Yaroslav, took place near Chernihiv.

1973. A monument to the great Ukrainian poetess Lesia Ukrainka was unveiled in Kyiv.

October 4 1957. The world's first artificial Earth satellite was launched from the USSR.

1989. A Russian Orthodox Church theological seminary was opened at Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra.